Twinfilin, another member of the actin depolymerization factor homology (ADF-H) family, also enhances depolymerization at filament ends. In addition to its ability to sever filaments, Cofilin modestly accelerates depolymerization under physiological conditions, increasing the rate of subunit loss by about 4-fold (to ~1 subunit s −1) at filament pointed ends 10, 11, 12. Cofilin has long been recognized as a central player in promoting actin disassembly 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. How accelerated depolymerization is achieved in vivo has been unclear. While this process occurs in seconds in vivo 2, purified actin filaments take minutes to depolymerize in vitro 3, 4.
This remodeling requires rapid actin filament depolymerization. Living cells dynamically rearrange their actin cytoskeletons in response to external signals in order to move, change shape, and reorganize their internal architecture 1.
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